MNT Onychomycosis and Fungal Infections 2

Question 1

Which topical antifungal agent is approved for mild-to-moderate onychomycosis of the toenails?

Accepted Answer

Efinaconazole 10% solution (Jublia)

Answer

Efinaconazole 10% solution is an FDA-approved topical azole antifungal indicated for distal-lateral subungual onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes.

Question 2

The risk of onychomycosis is significantly increased in patients with:

Accepted Answer

Diabetes mellitus, peripheral arterial disease, and immunosuppression

Answer

Compromised immune function, impaired circulation (diabetes, PAD), and reduced skin integrity all increase susceptibility to dermatophyte and Candida nail infections.

Question 3

Total dystrophic onychomycosis (TDO) involves:

Accepted Answer

Destruction of the entire nail plate and nail bed

Answer

TDO represents the end stage of any onychomycosis subtype, with complete nail plate involvement, destruction, and significant subungual hyperkeratosis.

Question 4

Candidal onychomycosis most commonly affects:

Accepted Answer

Fingernails and is frequently associated with chronic paronychia and moist environments

Answer

Candida species primarily affect fingernails, especially in individuals whose hands are frequently wet (food handlers, healthcare workers), and often coexist with chronic paronychia.

Question 5

Before applying a nail brace to a nail suspected of having onychomycosis, the technician should:

Accepted Answer

Thoroughly debride the nail, treat with antifungal, and ensure adhesion surface is clean and dry

Answer

Subungual debris and fungal material prevent brace adhesion; debridement and antifungal preparation are necessary before brace placement.

(MNT) Certified Medical Nail Technician Practice Test

(MNT) Certified Medical Nail Technician Practice Test

MNT Onychomycosis and Fungal Infections 2