MLPAO Transfusion Medicine Advanced Practice

Question 1

What is an antibody panel and how is antibody identification performed?

Accepted Answer

A set of 8-16 reagent red cell samples with known antigen profiles used to identify specific antibody specificity by the pattern of reactivity

Answer

A single reagent red cell used to screen for all antibodies

Answer

A panel of patient sera tested against one red cell

Answer

A list of all possible antibodies

Question 2

What is the rule of three in antibody identification?

Accepted Answer

At least three antigen-positive cells must react and three antigen-negative cells must be non-reactive to confirm an antibody specificity

Answer

Three panel cells must be tested

Answer

Three technologists must verify the result

Answer

Three different methods must be used

Question 3

What is autoabsorption and when is it used in the blood bank?

Accepted Answer

Removing autoantibodies from patient serum using the patient's own red cells to unmask underlying alloantibodies

Answer

Adding antibiotics to remove bacterial contamination

Answer

Absorbing all antibodies from serum

Answer

Testing patient cells for autoantigens

Question 4

What are the Kidd blood group system antibodies known for in transfusion medicine?

Accepted Answer

They frequently show dosage effect, can cause severe delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions, and are notorious for dropping to undetectable levels between exposures

Answer

They are always clinically insignificant

Answer

They only cause mild reactions

Answer

They are only found in neonates

Question 5

What is the electronic (computer) crossmatch and when can it be used?

Accepted Answer

A computer-verified ABO compatibility check between patient and donor, used when the antibody screen is negative and the patient has no history of clinically significant antibodies

Answer

A crossmatch performed using electronic microscopy

Answer

An automated serological crossmatch

Answer

A virtual crossmatch using genetic data

Question 6

What is the significance of anti-K (anti-Kell) in prenatal testing?

Accepted Answer

Anti-K causes severe HDFN by both destroying fetal red cells and suppressing fetal erythropoiesis; monitoring differs from anti-D HDFN

Answer

It is not significant in pregnancy

Answer

Anti-K only affects the mother

Answer

Anti-K is prevented by RhIg