What is the recommended fluoride concentration in water fluoridation schemes in the UK, and what is the evidence for its effectiveness?
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A
5 ppm — evidence is inconclusive
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B
1 part per million (1 mg/L) — systematic reviews show it reduces dental caries prevalence by approximately 26-35% in permanent teeth and 40-49% in primary teeth, with the greatest benefit for children in deprived areas
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C
0.1 ppm — it prevents fluorosis only
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D
10 ppm — it eliminates all caries in the population