MFDS Human Disease 1

Question 1

Which haematological finding is pathognomonic of pernicious anaemia?

Accepted Answer

Hypersegmented neutrophils and macrocytosis

Answer

Pernicious anaemia (B12 deficiency) causes megaloblastic changes including hypersegmented neutrophils (>5 lobes) and macro-ovalocytes on the blood film.

Question 2

The oral manifestation of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus includes:

Accepted Answer

Accelerated periodontitis and xerostomia

Answer

Uncontrolled diabetes is associated with accelerated periodontal disease due to impaired neutrophil function, increased susceptibility to xerostomia and altered wound healing.

Question 3

A patient on long-term corticosteroids is at risk of which complication during dental surgery?

Accepted Answer

Adrenal crisis due to adrenal suppression

Answer

Long-term corticosteroids suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; patients cannot mount a normal cortisol response to surgical stress, risking adrenal crisis.

Question 4

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease) presents with oral telangiectases and:

Accepted Answer

Recurrent epistaxis and mucocutaneous telangiectases

Answer

HHT is an autosomal dominant condition causing abnormal vascular structures (telangiectases and AVMs) leading to recurrent spontaneous bleeds, particularly epistaxis.

Question 5

Which systemic condition is most commonly associated with erythema multiforme?

Accepted Answer

Herpes simplex virus infection

Answer

The most common precipitant of recurrent erythema multiforme is herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, which triggers an immune-mediated reaction.

MFDS Part 1 Practice Test

MFDS Part 1 Practice Test

MFDS Human Disease 1