M.Ed. Master of Education Educational Psychology and Child Development 1

Question 1

According to Piaget, a child who can think logically about abstract concepts is in which stage of development?

Accepted Answer

Formal operational

Answer

The formal operational stage (approximately age 12+) is characterized by the ability to reason abstractly and think hypothetically.

Question 2

Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) refers to:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a learner can do independently and with guidance

Answer

The ZPD is the difference between what a learner can accomplish alone and what they can achieve with skilled support, making it the optimal instructional target.

Question 3

Which motivation theory proposes that intrinsic motivation is undermined when external rewards are used excessively?

Accepted Answer

Self-determination theory

Answer

Self-determination theory argues that excessive external rewards can reduce intrinsic motivation by shifting the perceived cause of behavior from internal to external.

Question 4

A student who attributes academic failure to lack of effort rather than low ability demonstrates which pattern?

Accepted Answer

Growth mindset

Answer

Attributing failure to effort (a controllable factor) rather than ability reflects a growth mindset, associated with resilience and achievement.

Question 5

Erikson's stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' is most associated with which age group?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence (12–18)

Answer

Erikson placed the Identity vs. Role Confusion psychosocial crisis during adolescence, when individuals explore who they are and where they fit in society.

M.Ed. Master of Education Practice Test

M.Ed. Master of Education Practice Test

M.Ed. Master of Education Educational Psychology and Child Development 1