LSAT Logic Reasoning 4

Question 1

A conditional argument states: 'If the eyewitness testimony is unreliable, the jury should acquit. The jury convicted.' What can be logically inferred?

Accepted Answer

The eyewitness testimony was reliable.

Answer

By contrapositive, if the jury did NOT acquit, then the testimony was NOT unreliable — meaning it was reliable.

Question 2

A nonprofit claims: 'Our tutoring program raised average test scores by 15 points.' A critic responds: 'But students who scored below 50 points showed no improvement.' Which rhetorical strategy does the critic employ?

Accepted Answer

Pointing to a counterexample that challenges the general claim.

Answer

By showing a subgroup for whom the claim does not hold, the critic provides a counterexample that limits or undermines the generalization.

Question 3

Which of the following most accurately describes the logical structure of an argument by analogy?

Accepted Answer

Two cases share relevant properties, so what is true of one is likely true of the other.

Answer

An argument by analogy infers that because two cases share key similarities, a conclusion that applies to one probably applies to the other.

Question 4

Passage: 'Every contract requires offer, acceptance, and consideration. This agreement has offer and acceptance but no consideration.' The strongest conclusion is:

Accepted Answer

This agreement is not a valid contract.

Answer

Since consideration is a necessary element and is missing, the agreement fails to meet the criteria for a valid contract.

Question 5

An LSAT argument concludes that a new drug is safe because it passed three clinical trials. Which consideration most undermines this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The trials excluded patients over 65, who are the drug's primary intended users.

Answer

If the primary users were excluded from trials, safety data may not apply to them, directly weakening the safety conclusion.

LSAT - Law School Admission Test Practice Test

LSAT - Law School Admission Test Practice Test

LSAT Logic Reasoning 4