LMSW Human Development Theories 2

Question 1

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, the 'Zone of Proximal Development' (ZPD) refers to:

Accepted Answer

The gap between what a child can do alone and with guidance

Answer

The ZPD is the distance between a learner's independent capability and what they can achieve with skilled support or scaffolding.

Question 2

In Kohlberg's moral development theory, which stage involves following rules to avoid punishment?

Accepted Answer

Obedience and punishment orientation

Answer

Stage 1 (Obedience and punishment orientation) is characterized by avoiding behavior that leads to punishment, with no internalized moral reasoning.

Question 3

Margaret Mahler's theory of separation-individuation describes the 'rapprochement' subphase as a period when the toddler:

Accepted Answer

Returns to the mother after exploring, seeking reassurance

Answer

During rapprochement (15–24 months), toddlers oscillate between independence and closeness, frequently returning to the mother for emotional refueling.

Question 4

Daniel Levinson's theory of adult development emphasizes that transitions between life eras typically last approximately:

Accepted Answer

4–5 years

Answer

Levinson identified transitional periods lasting roughly 4–5 years that bridge stable life structures in adult development.

Question 5

A social worker using Bronfenbrenner's ecological model would assess which system when examining how a client's parents' work schedule affects the child's school performance?

Accepted Answer

Exosystem

Answer

The exosystem includes settings the child does not directly participate in (e.g., parental workplace) that still indirectly influence the child.

LMSW - Licensed Master Social Worker Practice Test

LMSW - Licensed Master Social Worker Practice Test

LMSW Human Development Theories 2