Linux Advanced File System and Storage

Question 1

What does the `df -h` command display on a Linux system?

Accepted Answer

Disk space usage of mounted filesystems in human-readable format

Answer

Detailed file attributes of the current directory

Answer

Disk fragmentation statistics

Answer

Device file listings in /dev

Question 2

Which command shows the disk usage of a directory and its subdirectories?

Accepted Answer

du -sh /path

Answer

df -sh /path

Answer

ls -lh /path

Answer

find /path -size

Question 3

What is the purpose of the `fsck` command in Linux?

Accepted Answer

Checks and repairs filesystem inconsistencies

Answer

Changes filesystem permissions recursively

Answer

Formats a disk with a new filesystem

Answer

Lists filesystem configuration details

Question 4

What is an inode in Linux filesystems?

Accepted Answer

A data structure that stores metadata about a file (permissions, timestamps, size, data block pointers)

Answer

The actual data content of a file

Answer

A directory entry that maps filenames to files

Answer

A special device file in /dev

Question 5

What is the difference between a hard link and a symbolic (soft) link in Linux?

Accepted Answer

A hard link is a direct reference to the same inode; a symbolic link is a file containing a path to another file

Answer

A hard link can cross filesystems; a symbolic link cannot

Answer

A hard link can only link directories; a symbolic link can only link files

Answer

A hard link stores the file content twice; a symbolic link stores it once

Question 6

Which command creates a new ext4 filesystem on the /dev/sdb1 partition?

Accepted Answer

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1

Answer

format /dev/sdb1 ext4

Answer

newfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb1

Answer

mkdisk ext4 /dev/sdb1

Question 7

What does the `mount -o remount,ro /` command do?

Accepted Answer

Remounts the root filesystem as read-only without unmounting

Answer

Formats the root filesystem and mounts it

Answer

Removes the root filesystem mount

Answer

Mounts a new filesystem over the root

Question 8

What is LVM (Logical Volume Manager) in Linux, and what problem does it solve?

Accepted Answer

LVM provides a flexible abstraction layer over physical storage, allowing dynamic resizing and management of disk space across multiple devices

Answer

LVM provides encryption for disk volumes

Answer

LVM is a RAID controller that mirrors data across disks

Answer

LVM manages filesystem permissions for logical groups of files

Question 9

Which /etc/fstab field specifies the pass number for filesystem check order at boot?

Accepted Answer

The 6th field (pass)

Answer

The 5th field (dump)

Answer

The 4th field (options)

Answer

The 3rd field (type)

Question 10

What is the purpose of the `tune2fs` command?

Accepted Answer

Adjusts tunable parameters of ext2/3/4 filesystems, such as reserved block count, check intervals, and mount options

Answer

Tunes system performance by adjusting kernel parameters

Answer

Converts ext2 to ext4 filesystem

Answer

Tunes RAID parameters for ext filesystems