ITI Translation Theory 2

Question 1

Eugene Nida's concept of 'dynamic equivalence' prioritizes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The effect on the target reader mirroring the effect on the source reader

Answer

Dynamic equivalence focuses on producing the same effect in the target reader as the source text had on its original audience.

Question 2

In Gideon Toury's Descriptive Translation Studies, what is a 'norm'?

Accepted Answer

A socio-cultural constraint that governs translator behavior in a given community

Answer

Toury defines norms as shared expectations and constraints—neither absolute rules nor mere tendencies—that regulate translator choices within a culture.

Question 3

Which theoretical framework treats the target culture's needs and conventions as the primary determinant of translation strategy?

Accepted Answer

Target-oriented (skopos) theory

Answer

Skopos theory, developed by Vermeer and Reiss, holds that the purpose (skopos) of the translation in the target culture governs all translation decisions.

Question 4

What does Antoine Berman mean by 'deforming tendencies' in translation?

Accepted Answer

Systematic forces that distort or domesticate the foreignness of the source text

Answer

Berman identified twelve deforming tendencies—such as rationalization and clarification—that unconsciously push translators toward domesticating the source text.

Question 5

In Relevance Theory as applied to translation (Gutt), 'interpretive resemblance' means the translation:

Accepted Answer

Shares enough logical and contextual implications with the source to satisfy the reader's relevance expectations

Answer

Gutt applies Sperber and Wilson's Relevance Theory to argue that a translation should resemble the original in ways that are relevant to the target audience's cognitive context.

(ITI) Institute of Translation and Interpreting Diploma in Translation Practice Test

(ITI) Institute of Translation and Interpreting Diploma in Translation Practice Test

ITI Translation Theory 2