IST Hydraulics and Pneumatics (Fluid Power)

Question 1

Which principle states that pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions?

Accepted Answer

Pascal's Law

Answer

Pascal's Law says that pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every part of the fluid and to the container walls. This is the basic principle behind all hydraulic systems.

Question 2

A hydraulic system operates at 1,000 psi. How much force does a cylinder with a piston area of 4 square inches produce?

Accepted Answer

4,000 lb

Answer

Force = Pressure × Area. 1,000 psi × 4 sq in = 4,000 lb of force.

Question 3

What is the main purpose of a pressure relief valve in a hydraulic circuit?

Accepted Answer

To limit the maximum system pressure

Answer

A relief valve opens and sends fluid back to the tank when system pressure reaches its set point. This protects the pump, hoses and components from over-pressurization.

Question 4

Which hydraulic component converts fluid energy into straight-line (linear) motion?

Accepted Answer

Hydraulic cylinder

Answer

A hydraulic cylinder is a linear actuator: fluid pressure pushes on its piston and extends or retracts the rod. A hydraulic motor produces rotary motion, and a pump produces flow.

Question 5

In a pneumatic system, what do the three parts of an FRL unit stand for?

Accepted Answer

Filter, Regulator, Lubricator

Answer

An FRL unit conditions compressed air before it reaches tools and actuators. The filter removes moisture and particles, the regulator sets the working pressure, and the lubricator adds a fine oil mist.

IST - Industrial Skills Test Practice Test

IST - Industrial Skills Test Practice Test

IST Hydraulics and Pneumatics (Fluid Power)