ISAT Identifying Assumptions in Arguments 5

Question 1

Argument: 'The fact that ancient peoples built the pyramids with primitive tools proves humans had help from extraterrestrials.' What assumption does this argument depend on?

Accepted Answer

The pyramids could not have been built using only human ingenuity and labor with available tools

Answer

The argument assumes it is impossible for humans to have accomplished this feat alone, making extraterrestrial assistance the only remaining explanation.

Question 2

Argument: 'Because no scientific study has proven that this supplement is harmful, it is safe to take.' What assumption does this make?

Accepted Answer

Absence of proof of harm is equivalent to proof of safety

Answer

The argument treats the lack of evidence of harm as positive evidence of safety, assuming these two things are equivalent.

Question 3

Argument: 'Our team's productivity increased after we switched to four-day work weeks; we should make this change permanent.' What assumption underlies this recommendation?

Accepted Answer

The productivity increase will be sustained long-term rather than being a temporary novelty effect

Answer

The argument assumes the early productivity gains reflect a durable change rather than a short-term motivational boost from novelty.

Question 4

Argument: 'Because the two candidates have nearly identical policy platforms, voters should choose based on personality.' What assumption is present?

Accepted Answer

Policy platform similarity means the candidates' actual governing behavior would also be identical

Answer

The argument assumes that similar stated positions mean governing outcomes would also be equivalent, making other factors the only meaningful differentiator.

Question 5

Argument: 'This investment advisor has achieved above-average returns for the past five years, so you should trust her with your savings.' What assumption is this based on?

Accepted Answer

Past investment performance is a reliable predictor of future performance

Answer

The argument assumes historical returns will continue, ignoring the well-known principle that past performance does not guarantee future results.

ISAT - International Student Admissions Test Practice Test

ISAT - International Student Admissions Test Practice Test

ISAT Identifying Assumptions in Arguments 5