ICT Software Development Concepts 3

Question 1

Which testing approach verifies that individual components work correctly in isolation?

Accepted Answer

Unit testing

Answer

Unit testing focuses on testing the smallest testable parts of an application — individual functions or methods — in isolation.

Question 2

What is the main characteristic of a 'microservices' architecture?

Accepted Answer

An application built as a collection of small, independently deployable services

Answer

Microservices architecture structures an application as a collection of loosely coupled services, each implementing a specific business capability.

Question 3

What does 'refactoring' mean in software development?

Accepted Answer

Restructuring existing code without changing its external behavior

Answer

Refactoring is the process of restructuring existing code to improve its internal structure while preserving its observable behavior.

Question 4

In object-oriented programming, what is 'encapsulation'?

Accepted Answer

Bundling data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit and restricting direct access

Answer

Encapsulation bundles an object's data and the methods that operate on it together, hiding internal implementation details.

Question 5

What is a 'race condition' in software development?

Accepted Answer

A bug occurring when program behavior depends on unpredictable timing of concurrent operations

Answer

A race condition occurs when the output of a concurrent program depends on the relative timing or order of thread execution.

ICT - Information Communication Technology Practice Test