ICAS Programming and Digital Systems 2

Question 1

Which data structure uses a Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

A stack operates on LIFO, meaning the last element added is the first one removed.

Question 2

What does the term 'bug' mean in programming?

Accepted Answer

An error or flaw in the program

Answer

A bug is any error or unintended behavior in a program that causes it to produce incorrect results.

Question 3

In binary, what is the value of 1011?

Accepted Answer

11

Answer

1011 in binary = 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11 in decimal.

Question 4

Which type of loop is guaranteed to execute its body at least once?

Accepted Answer

do-while loop

Answer

A do-while loop checks its condition after executing the body, ensuring at least one execution.

Question 5

What is an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

A step-by-step set of instructions to solve a problem

Answer

An algorithm is a finite, ordered set of instructions designed to solve a specific problem or perform a task.

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