IBD IBD Pathophysiology

Question 1

Which cytokine is predominantly elevated in Crohn's disease and drives the Th1 immune response?

Accepted Answer

TNF-α and IFN-γ

Answer

Crohn's disease is characterized by a Th1-driven immune response with elevated TNF-α and IFN-γ promoting granulomatous inflammation.

Question 2

In ulcerative colitis, inflammation characteristically begins at which anatomical location?

Accepted Answer

Rectum

Answer

Ulcerative colitis almost always begins at the rectum and extends proximally in a continuous, uninterrupted pattern.

Question 3

Which layer of the intestinal wall is primarily involved in ulcerative colitis inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Mucosa and submucosa

Answer

UC inflammation is limited to the mucosa and submucosa, whereas Crohn's disease causes transmural (full-thickness) inflammation.

Question 4

Non-caseating granulomas on biopsy are pathognomonic of which IBD condition?

Accepted Answer

Crohn's disease

Answer

Non-caseating granulomas are a hallmark histological finding specific to Crohn's disease and are absent in ulcerative colitis.

Question 5

Which genetic mutation is most strongly associated with Crohn's disease susceptibility?

Accepted Answer

NOD2/CARD15

Answer

Mutations in the NOD2/CARD15 gene, which encodes an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, are the most replicated genetic risk factor for Crohn's disease.

IBD - Inflammatory Bowel Disease Practice Test

IBD - Inflammatory Bowel Disease Practice Test

IBD IBD Pathophysiology