Histology Certification Pathological Changes 3

Question 1

Which cellular adaptation is defined as an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ?

Accepted Answer

Hyperplasia

Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Metaplasia

Answer

Dysplasia

Question 2

Barrett's esophagus is a classic example of which type of cellular adaptation?

Accepted Answer

Glandular metaplasia

Answer

Squamous metaplasia

Answer

Hyperplasia

Answer

Dysplasia

Question 3

Atrophy caused by loss of innervation to skeletal muscle is best classified as which type?

Accepted Answer

Denervation atrophy

Answer

Disuse atrophy

Answer

Pressure atrophy

Answer

Ischemic atrophy

Question 4

In dysplasia, which of the following histological features is NOT typically observed?

Accepted Answer

Invasion through the basement membrane

Answer

Pleomorphism

Answer

Increased mitotic figures

Answer

Loss of polarity

Question 5

Physiological hyperplasia of the breast during pregnancy is driven primarily by which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen and progesterone

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Prolactin alone

Answer

Oxytocin

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the significance of cellular atypia seen in dysplasia on a Pap smear?

Accepted Answer

It may regress, persist, or progress to carcinoma in situ

Answer

It represents irreversible malignant transformation

Answer

It always requires immediate surgical resection

Answer

It indicates hematogenous metastasis has occurred

Question 7

Intracellular accumulation of lipids within hepatocytes leading to a yellow, greasy liver is called:

Accepted Answer

Hepatic steatosis (fatty change)

Answer

Glycogenosis

Answer

Hemosiderosis

Answer

Cholestasis