Healthcare and Nursing Nutrition & Dietary Management 2

Question 1

Which laboratory value is the best indicator of a patient's long-term nutritional status?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Answer

Albumin, with a half-life of about 20 days, reflects protein stores over weeks and is a reliable marker of chronic nutritional status.

Question 2

A patient is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which complication should the nurse monitor for most closely?

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

TPN solutions are high in dextrose, placing patients at significant risk for hyperglycemia, which requires frequent blood glucose monitoring.

Question 3

Which mineral is essential for wound healing and immune function, and is often deficient in elderly hospitalized patients?

Accepted Answer

Zinc

Answer

Zinc plays a critical role in collagen synthesis and immune cell proliferation, making it essential for wound healing and fighting infection.

Question 4

What is the recommended daily protein intake (per kg of body weight) for a critically ill patient to prevent catabolism?

Accepted Answer

1.2–2.0 g/kg

Answer

Critical illness increases catabolism, so ASPEN guidelines recommend 1.2–2.0 g/kg/day of protein to preserve lean muscle mass.

Question 5

A nurse is assessing a patient for malnutrition. Which finding is most consistent with protein-calorie malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral edema and muscle wasting

Answer

Hypoalbuminemia from protein deficiency causes decreased oncotic pressure, resulting in peripheral edema, while caloric deficit causes muscle wasting.

Healthcare and Nursing Practice Test

Healthcare and Nursing Practice Test

Healthcare and Nursing Nutrition & Dietary Management 2