GMAS Science 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies?
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- Igneous (Correct answer)
- Limestone
Correct answer: Igneous
Igneous rocks form when magma (underground) or lava (above ground) cools and solidifies.
Question 2: A student notices that plants near a window grow toward the light. This response to light is called:
- Gravitropism
- Phototropism (Correct answer)
- Thigmotropism
- Hydrotropism
Correct answer: Phototropism
Phototropism is the growth response of a plant toward or away from a light source.
Question 3: Which gas do plants absorb from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Carbon dioxide (Correct answer)
- Hydrogen
Correct answer: Carbon dioxide
Plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air and use it along with water and sunlight to produce glucose.
Question 4: What is the main function of the mitochondria in a cell?
- Store genetic information
- Produce proteins
- Generate energy (ATP) (Correct answer)
- Control what enters the cell
Correct answer: Generate energy (ATP)
Mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouse of the cell' because they produce ATP through cellular respiration.
Question 5: Which layer of the Earth is liquid and generates Earth's magnetic field?
- Inner core
- Mantle
- Crust
- Outer core (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Outer core
The outer core is composed of liquid iron and nickel, and its movement generates Earth's magnetic field.
Question 6: A force of 20 N acts on an object with a mass of 4 kg. What is the object's acceleration?
- 80 m/s²
- 5 m/s² (Correct answer)
- 16 m/s²
- 0.2 m/s²
Correct answer: 5 m/s²
Using Newton's second law, acceleration = Force ÷ mass = 20 N ÷ 4 kg = 5 m/s².
Question 7: Which of the following best describes a physical change?
- Iron rusting in rain
- Wood burning in a fireplace
- Ice melting into water (Correct answer)
- Baking soda reacting with vinegar
Correct answer: Ice melting into water
Ice melting into water is a physical change because only the state of matter changes, not the chemical composition.
GMAS Science 2
Which type of rock is formed when magma cools and solidifies?