Verbal Reasoning: Logic Flashcards

All diplomats are multilingual. Some multilingual people are economists. Which conclusion follows?

Answer: Some diplomats may be economists

Since some multilingual people are economists and all diplomats are multilingual, it is possible (but not certain) that some diplomats are economists.

If no report is filed on time, then the project is delayed. The project is not delayed. What can be concluded?

Answer: At least one report was filed on time

By contrapositive, if the project is not delayed, then at least one report was filed on time.

Statement: Either the budget is approved or the program is cancelled. The budget is not approved. Conclusion:

Answer: The program is definitely cancelled

In a disjunction where one part is false, the other part must be true; the program is definitely cancelled.

All UN staff pass security clearance. Maria did not pass security clearance. Therefore:

Answer: Maria is not UN staff

By modus tollens, if all UN staff pass clearance and Maria did not, Maria cannot be UN staff.

Some field officers are trained medics. All trained medics carry first-aid kits. Which is definitely true?

Answer: Some field officers carry first-aid kits

The field officers who are trained medics must carry first-aid kits, so some field officers definitely carry them.

If a delegate speaks French, they are assigned to the Francophone committee. Ahmed is not assigned to the Francophone committee. What follows?

Answer: Ahmed does not speak French

By contrapositive, not being assigned to the Francophone committee means Ahmed does not speak French.

No peacekeeping mission exceeds its mandate. Operation Clarity exceeded its mandate. Therefore:

Answer: Operation Clarity is not a peacekeeping mission

Since no peacekeeping mission exceeds its mandate and Operation Clarity did, it cannot be a peacekeeping mission.