Gerontological Nurse Test Chronic Disease Management in the Elderly 2

Question 1

A nurse is teaching an older adult patient with heart failure about the 'rule of 5' for fluid restriction. The patient should report weight gain of more than how many pounds in 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

2–3 pounds in 24 hours

Answer

A weight gain of 2–3 pounds in 24 hours in a heart failure patient typically indicates significant fluid retention and warrants prompt notification of the healthcare provider.

Question 2

Which age-related change in the older adult contributes most to increased risk for hypoglycemia when using insulin or sulfonylureas?

Accepted Answer

Impaired hypoglycemic awareness and diminished counterregulatory hormone response

Answer

Older adults often have blunted awareness of hypoglycemic symptoms and a diminished counterregulatory hormone response, making hypoglycemia both more likely and harder to detect.

Question 3

An older adult with atrial fibrillation is anticoagulated with warfarin. Which INR range represents the therapeutic target for stroke prevention in this condition?

Accepted Answer

2.0–3.0

Answer

The therapeutic INR range of 2.0–3.0 is recommended for atrial fibrillation to balance stroke prevention against bleeding risk in older adults.

Question 4

An older adult patient with Parkinson's disease is at increased risk for aspiration pneumonia primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Reduced cough reflex and dysphagia from motor dysfunction

Answer

Parkinson's disease causes progressive motor dysfunction affecting swallowing muscles and reduces the protective cough reflex, making aspiration of food, liquid, or saliva common.

Question 5

Which complication of long-term corticosteroid use in older adults requires routine bone health monitoring and preventive treatment?

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and fracture risk

Answer

Long-term corticosteroid use suppresses osteoblast activity and accelerates bone resorption, placing older adults at high risk for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and fragility fractures.

Gerontological Nurse Test Practice Test

Gerontological Nurse Test Practice Test

Gerontological Nurse Test Chronic Disease Management in the Elderly 2