Gerontological Nurse Test Chronic Disease Management in the Elderly 2

Question 1

A nurse is teaching an older adult patient with heart failure about the 'rule of 5' for fluid restriction. The patient should report weight gain of more than how many pounds in 24 hours?

Accepted Answer

2–3 pounds in 24 hours

Answer

1 pound in 24 hours

Answer

5 pounds in 24 hours

Answer

10 pounds in 24 hours

Question 2

Which age-related change in the older adult contributes most to increased risk for hypoglycemia when using insulin or sulfonylureas?

Accepted Answer

Impaired hypoglycemic awareness and diminished counterregulatory hormone response

Answer

Increased glucagon response to hypoglycemia

Answer

Enhanced hepatic glucose production

Answer

Increased renal threshold for glucose

Question 3

An older adult with atrial fibrillation is anticoagulated with warfarin. Which INR range represents the therapeutic target for stroke prevention in this condition?

Accepted Answer

2.0–3.0

Answer

1.0–1.5

Answer

1.5–2.0

Answer

3.5–4.5

Question 4

An older adult patient with Parkinson's disease is at increased risk for aspiration pneumonia primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

Reduced cough reflex and dysphagia from motor dysfunction

Answer

Immunosuppressive medications used to treat Parkinson's

Answer

Decreased appetite leading to malnutrition

Answer

Increased gastric acid production

Question 5

Which complication of long-term corticosteroid use in older adults requires routine bone health monitoring and preventive treatment?

Accepted Answer

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and fracture risk

Answer

Hypokalemia-induced cardiac arrhythmias

Answer

Renal tubular acidosis

Answer

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 6

A nurse is educating an older adult with hypertension on dietary modifications. The DASH diet primarily recommends:

Accepted Answer

Increased fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy, and reduced sodium

Answer

High fat intake with restricted carbohydrates

Answer

High-protein diet with no sodium restrictions

Answer

Elimination of all fats and dairy products