General Fundamental Scientific Principles 4

Question 1

Which phase of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?

Accepted Answer

Liquid

Answer

Liquids have a fixed volume but take the shape of their container because their particles can flow past one another.

Question 2

What does a catalyst do in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Lowers the activation energy without being consumed

Answer

A catalyst lowers the activation energy needed for a reaction to proceed and is not permanently consumed in the process.

Question 3

What is the principle behind a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear spin of hydrogen atoms in a magnetic field

Answer

MRI exploits the quantum spin of hydrogen nuclei, which align in magnetic fields and emit signals when disturbed by radio waves.

Question 4

Which law describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature?

Accepted Answer

Boyle's Law

Answer

Boyle's Law states that at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume (P₁V₁ = P₂V₂).

Question 5

What is the name of the force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact?

Accepted Answer

Friction

Answer

Friction is the resistive force that acts parallel to surfaces in contact and opposes their relative motion or tendency to move.

General Practice Test