General Surgery Board Review Technology & Digital Applications 2

Question 1

Which imaging modality uses magnetic resonance to generate intraoperative guidance without ionizing radiation, often called 'iMRI'?

Accepted Answer

Intraoperative MRI

Answer

Intraoperative MRI (iMRI) provides real-time high-resolution soft-tissue imaging without ionizing radiation, used particularly in neurosurgery and increasingly in general surgery.

Question 2

In the context of surgical simulation, what does 'haptic feedback' refer to?

Accepted Answer

Force and tactile sensation transmitted to the trainee's hands

Answer

Haptic feedback reproduces the sense of touch and resistance, allowing trainees to feel tissue tension and instrument forces during virtual simulation.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the role of PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System) in surgical workflow?

Accepted Answer

Stores, retrieves, and distributes medical images digitally

Answer

PACS digitally archives and distributes radiologic images, replacing physical film and enabling instant access from any workstation.

Question 4

During laparoscopic surgery, 'smoke evacuation systems' are used primarily to address which technological and safety concern?

Accepted Answer

Clearing surgical plume containing potentially harmful particles and viruses

Answer

Surgical plume generated by electrosurgery or lasers contains carcinogens, viruses, and particulates; smoke evacuators filter this hazard from the operative field.

Question 5

What is the primary purpose of 'near-infrared fluorescence imaging' using indocyanine green (ICG) during surgery?

Accepted Answer

Visualization of tissue perfusion, bile ducts, and lymphatics

Answer

ICG fluoresces under near-infrared light to highlight perfusion, bile duct anatomy, and sentinel lymph nodes, aiding intraoperative decision-making.

General Surgery Board Review Practice Test

General Surgery Board Review Practice Test

General Surgery Board Review Technology & Digital Applications 2