GCSE Biology 2

Question 1

Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through aerobic respiration in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Mitochondria carry out aerobic respiration, producing ATP via the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 2

What is the role of guard cells in a plant leaf?

Accepted Answer

Regulate the opening and closing of stomata

Answer

Guard cells control stomatal aperture, regulating gas exchange and water loss through transpiration.

Question 3

During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis I

Answer

Homologous chromosome pairs separate during Meiosis I, reducing the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.

Question 4

Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary vein

Answer

The pulmonary vein is unique among veins in carrying oxygenated blood, returning it from the lungs to the left atrium.

Question 5

What term describes an organism that obtains energy by breaking down dead organic matter?

Accepted Answer

Decomposer

Answer

Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

GCSE - General Certificate of Secondary Education Practice Test