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Chemistry: Organic Chemistry Fundamentals Flashcards

6 cards from real GAOKAO practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. What is the structural difference between 1-butene and 2-butene?

    Answer: The position of the double bond in the carbon chain

    Both are C₄H₈ isomers with one double bond; they differ only in the position of the C=C double bond (between C1-C2 vs C2-C3).

  2. Which of the following compounds can be detected using the silver mirror reaction (Tollens' test)?

    Answer: Glucose

    Glucose contains an aldehyde group (-CHO) and acts as a reducing sugar, giving a positive silver mirror reaction. Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar.

  3. In the saponification reaction, which reagents are used to convert a fat into soap?

    Answer: NaOH solution (heated)

    Saponification is the alkaline hydrolysis of triglycerides (fats) using NaOH solution under heating to produce glycerol and sodium salts of fatty acids (soap).

  4. How many structural isomers does butane (C₄H₁₀) have?

    Answer: 2

    Butane has 2 isomers: n-butane (straight chain: CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃) and isobutane/2-methylpropane (branched: (CH₃)₃CH).

  5. Polyethylene is produced by the polymerization of ethylene (ethene). What type of reaction is this?

    Answer: Addition polymerization

    Ethylene (CH₂=CH₂) undergoes addition polymerization, where the C=C double bonds open and link to form the polymer chain -[CH₂-CH₂]ₙ- without releasing any small molecules.

  6. Which of the following is an aromatic compound?

    Answer: Benzene

    Benzene (C₆H₆) is the archetypal aromatic compound, characterized by a planar ring structure with delocalized π electrons satisfying Hückel's rule (4n+2 π electrons).