Chemistry: Organic Chemistry Fundamentals Flashcards
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Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for CH₃-CH(OH)-CH₂CH₃?
Answer: 2-butanol
The longest chain has 4 carbons (butane). The -OH group is on carbon 2, making it 2-butanol.
Benzene reacts with bromine in the presence of FeBr₃ catalyst. What type of reaction occurs?
Answer: Electrophilic substitution
Benzene undergoes electrophilic aromatic substitution (EAS) with Br₂/FeBr₃. FeBr₃ activates Br₂ to form the electrophile Br⁺.
What is the degree of unsaturation (DBE) of the molecular formula C₆H₆?
Answer: 4
DBE = (2×6 + 2 - 6)/2 = (12 + 2 - 6)/2 = 8/2 = 4. Benzene has 3 double bonds + 1 ring = 4 DBE.
Ethanol undergoes oxidation with acidified potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇/H₂SO₄). What is the primary product under controlled conditions?
Answer: Ethanal (acetaldehyde)
Under controlled (mild) oxidation of a primary alcohol, the first product is an aldehyde (ethanal). Further oxidation gives the carboxylic acid.
Which functional group is present in an ester?
Answer: -COO-
Esters contain the -COO- (ester linkage) functional group, formed from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol by condensation.
Which statement about alkanes is correct according to the Chinese high school chemistry curriculum?
Answer: They undergo substitution reactions with halogens under UV light
Alkanes are relatively unreactive but do undergo free radical substitution with halogens (e.g., Cl₂) under UV light or heat.