GAMSAT Clinical Procedures and Protocols 4

Question 1

A patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis develops cloudy effluent with abdominal pain. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Peritonitis

Answer

Peritoneal dialysis catheter malfunction

Answer

Hemoperitoneum

Answer

Catheter-related bloodstream infection

Question 2

During a surgical procedure under general anesthesia, the patient develops sudden hypercapnia, muscle rigidity, and hyperthermia. Which drug should be administered immediately?

Accepted Answer

Dantrolene

Answer

Succinylcholine

Answer

Neostigmine

Answer

Propofol

Question 3

When performing a fine needle aspiration of a thyroid nodule, which cytological result requires surgical excision according to the Bethesda classification?

Accepted Answer

Bethesda V (Suspicious for malignancy)

Answer

Bethesda II (Benign)

Answer

Bethesda III (AUS/FLUS)

Answer

Bethesda I (Non-diagnostic)

Question 4

A patient receiving a blood transfusion develops flank pain, fever, and hemoglobinuria within 15 minutes. What is the most appropriate immediate action?

Accepted Answer

Stop the transfusion immediately and send blood samples

Answer

Administer antihistamines and slow the transfusion rate

Answer

Complete the transfusion and treat symptoms afterward

Answer

Switch to a different blood product immediately

Question 5

During colonoscopy, which finding would necessitate immediate withdrawal of the scope and surgical consultation?

Accepted Answer

Sudden loss of air insufflation with patient pain

Answer

Polyp with stalk >2 cm

Answer

Bright red rectal bleeding during polypectomy

Answer

Loss of scope orientation

Question 6

In a patient with anaphylaxis, epinephrine should be administered via which route as the first-line treatment?

Accepted Answer

Intramuscular injection into the anterolateral thigh

Answer

Intravenous bolus

Answer

Subcutaneous injection into the upper arm

Answer

Inhaled via nebulizer

Question 7

A 70-year-old patient is scheduled for a hip replacement under spinal anesthesia. At which vertebral level is spinal anesthesia typically administered?

Accepted Answer

L3-L4 or L4-L5

Answer

T10-T11

Answer

L1-L2

Answer

L5-S1