SM Immunology & Host-Microbe Interactions — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which immune cell is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?
- Macrophages
- B cells (Correct answer)
- T cells
- Neutrophils
Correct answer: B cells
B lymphocytes, also known as B cells, are responsible for producing antibodies to neutralize pathogens.
Question 2: Which class of immunoglobulin is the first to be produced in response to an infection?
- IgA
- IgM (Correct answer)
- IgG
- IgE
Correct answer: IgM
IgM is the first antibody produced in an immune response and is important for early defense against infections.
Question 3: What is the function of the complement system in immunity?
- Suppresses immune response
- Enhances pathogen clearance (Correct answer)
- Prevents antigen presentation
- Inhibits B cell activation
Correct answer: Enhances pathogen clearance
The complement system enhances the ability of antibodies and immune cells to clear pathogens by promoting inflammation and cell lysis.
Question 4: Which type of immunity results from vaccination?
- Passive immunity
- Active immunity (Correct answer)
- Innate immunity
- Artificial immunity
Correct answer: Active immunity
Active immunity develops after exposure to an antigen through infection or vaccination, leading to long-term protection.
Question 5: Which microorganism is capable of evading the immune system by antigenic variation?
- Escherichia coli
- Influenza virus (Correct answer)
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Correct answer: Influenza virus
Pathogens such as influenza viruses undergo antigenic variation to escape immune recognition and establish infections.
Question 6: What is the role of macrophages in host defense?
- Produce antibodies
- Engulf and present antigens (Correct answer)
- Directly kill viruses
- Suppress T cell activity
Correct answer: Engulf and present antigens
Macrophages act as antigen-presenting cells, engulfing pathogens and presenting their antigens to T cells to activate the immune response.
SM Immunology & Host-Microbe Interactions
Which immune cell is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?