HT Histology Techniques & Technology

Question 1

What is the purpose of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in histology?

Accepted Answer

To detect specific proteins and antigens in tissues.

Answer

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a powerful technique used in histology to visualize and identify specific proteins or antigens within tissue sections. By using antibodies that bind to these targets, IHC helps diagnose diseases, determine prognosis, and guide treatment decisions, providing crucial information beyond routine staining.

Question 2

Why is tissue fixation important in histology?

Accepted Answer

To prevent tissue decomposition and preserve structure.

Answer

Tissue fixation is the critical first step in tissue processing, aiming to rapidly halt cellular metabolism and prevent autolysis and bacterial decomposition. This process stabilizes the tissue's cellular and architectural components, preserving its morphology as close to the living state as possible for accurate microscopic examination.

Question 3

What is the primary function of a microtome in histology?

Accepted Answer

To cut thin tissue sections for microscopic examination.

Answer

A microtome is a specialized instrument used in histology to cut extremely thin, uniform sections of embedded tissue. These thin sections, typically 3-5 micrometers thick, are essential for allowing light to pass through and enabling detailed microscopic examination of cellular and tissue structures.

Question 4

What is the role of special stains in histology?

Accepted Answer

To differentiate between cell types and highlight specific tissue components.

Answer

Special stains are employed in histology to selectively highlight specific cellular components, microorganisms, or extracellular substances that are not clearly visible with routine H&E staining. These stains aid in the diagnosis of various conditions by differentiating cell types, identifying pathogens, or demonstrating specific tissue structures like collagen, reticulin, or mucin.

Question 5

What is the purpose of paraffin embedding in histology?

Accepted Answer

To make tissue sections easier to cut.

Answer

Paraffin embedding involves infiltrating processed tissue with molten paraffin wax, which then solidifies around the tissue. This provides a firm support matrix, making the delicate tissue rigid enough to be cut into very thin, consistent sections with a microtome without tearing or distortion.

(HT) Histotechnician Certification Practice Test

(HT) Histotechnician Certification Practice Test

HT Histology Techniques & Technology