ECFMG Medical Knowledge & Clinical Science

Question 1

What is the primary function of hemoglobin in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carrying oxygen to tissues

Answer

Transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs.

Answer

Regulating blood pressure.

Answer

Fighting infections.

Question 2

Which organ is primarily responsible for insulin production?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Liver.

Answer

Kidneys.

Answer

Thyroid gland.

Question 3

What type of joint is the knee classified as?

Accepted Answer

Hinge joint

Answer

Ball and socket joint.

Answer

Pivot joint.

Answer

Saddle joint.

Question 4

Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A.

Answer

Vitamin D.

Answer

Vitamin B12.

Question 5

What is the normal range for adult human body temperature?

Accepted Answer

36.5°C to 37.5°C

Answer

35.0°C to 36.0°C.

Answer

37.5°C to 39.0°C.

Answer

34.0°C to 35.5°C.

Question 6

Which blood type is considered the universal donor?

Accepted Answer

Type O negative

Answer

Type A positive.

Answer

Type AB positive.

Answer

Type B negative.

Question 7

What is the main neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine.

Answer

Serotonin.

Answer

GABA.

Question 8

Which condition is characterized by the destruction of myelin sheaths in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Parkinson’s disease.

Answer

Alzheimer’s disease.

Answer

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Question 9

Which electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen in patients with Addison’s disease?

Accepted Answer

Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypernatremia and hypokalemia.

Answer

Hypercalcemia.

Answer

Hypomagnesemia.