FREE Certified Neuroscience Registered Nurse Questions and Answers
The ICP of a patient with an EVD has been steadily rising. Which drugs should the nurse anticipate administering to this patient?
Osmotic diuretics like mannitol are used to assist lower ICP. Ischemia of the entire brain and eventual brain death can result from a persistently increased ICP. Since the brain contains 80% water, treatments like hypertonic saline and osmotic diuretics reduce pressure and prevent additional injury by drawing cerebrospinal fluid and fluid from the wounded brain.
A patient with status epilepticus has been taken into the hospital. Right now, the patient is postictal. Which of the following nursing factors is most crucial when managing the patient?
In any circumstance, maintaining the airway is crucial. Although not all postictal patients require intubation, short-term breathing assistance may be required if the patient is extremely sluggish until their neurological condition returns to normal. Once the patient has stabilized, an electrocardiogram can be done. The need for a central line is not necessary if the patient has enough peripheral access. An interosseous line can be inserted in the interim if the patient doesn't have sufficient access and the medical staff is unable to implant a peripheral line. It may not be necessary to perform a lumbar puncture depending on the seizure's presumed cause.
After receiving a trigeminal neuralgia diagnosis and treatment, a patient is leaving the hospital. Which of the following recommendations for the patient should not be made by the nurse?
Trigeminal neuralgia is an impingement of the trigeminal nerve, sometimes known as the facial nerve, which results in sporadic, extremely painful facial stimulation. Even something as easy as chewing gum, applying cosmetics, munching on a crunchy food, or consuming a cold beverage could make this sensation worse.
ICP is 30 mm Hg in a patient with an external ventricular drain (EVD). When the drain is opened, the output is extremely slow. What comes after that?
Because the patient's ICP is high and the drain isn't working, calling the attending, resident, or physician's assistant on call is appropriate. There might be a clot in the drain, and it might or might not need to be flushed (the nurse shouldn't do this). There are further reasons why a drain might not be functioning, and the attending will decide what to do next. An acceptable ICP range is 0 to 20. Monitoring an ICP over 30 without calling an attending is inappropriate because it could result in lasting brain damage.
After a stroke, a patient will be given aspirin (Ecotrin) and ticagrelor (Brilinta) to take home. Which of the following side effects of these drugs ought to be explained to the family?
Antiplatelet drugs like aspirin and ticagrelor can raise the chance of severe bleeding. To assist avoid thromboembolic events, they stop cells from clotting together too quickly. Patients should be instructed to see a doctor right away if they observe persistent heavy bleeding.
An external ventricular drain is present in a patient. Between 25 and 30 mm Hg is the intracranial pressure (ICP) range. Which of the following traits or symptoms is not a match for these ICPs?
The Cushing trio is the physiological nervous system's reaction to persistently elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), and it is defined as erratic breathing, bradycardia, and hypertension. The average ICP is 20 mm Hg. It signals an upcoming herniation. Alterations in mental status, fixed or uneven pupils, nausea, vomiting, headaches, and seizures are some additional indications and symptoms that may be present.
Lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, and a high-grade fever appear in an inmate with a history of HIV. The patient shows a positive Brudzinski sign during physical examination. In order to confirm the diagnosis, which of the following tests would not be used?
Meningitis is present in the patient, which may often be determined by lumbar puncture. Severe neck stiffness that causes the patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is bent is known as the Brudzinski sign. The irritation of the meninges is to blame for this. When assessing meningitis, blood cultures and CAT scans of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis are useless diagnostic tools. Even though the ESR is a general indicator of inflammation, it may be increased.