FREE Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery Trivia Questions and Answers

Question 1

After an MVC, an ambulance transports a 43-year-old woman who has numerous left rib fractures and respiratory problems to the emergency department. She exhibits tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypoxia. Chest XR shows the tip of the NG tube in the left chest after an NG tube is inserted. Which statement about the issue with this patient is accurate?

Accepted Answer

This injury occurs more commonly on the left side

Answer

The presence of an NG tube in the left chest after multiple left rib fractures indicates a traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. This injury occurs more commonly on the left side because the liver on the right side provides a protective barrier to the right hemidiaphragm, making it less prone to rupture from blunt trauma. The NG tube's position confirms herniation of abdominal contents into the thoracic cavity.

Question 2

Which statement about the Renin-Angiotensin System is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Decreased renal perfusion stimulates renin production

Answer

The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a vital regulatory pathway for blood pressure and fluid balance. Renin, an enzyme produced by the juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys, is primarily stimulated by decreased renal perfusion. This reduction in blood flow to the kidneys, often due to low blood pressure or hypovolemia, triggers the release of renin to initiate the cascade that ultimately raises blood pressure.

Question 3

Chyle leaks are frequently treated by adding extra of the following fatty acids to the patient's diet:

Accepted Answer

Medium-chain

Answer

Chyle leaks involve the leakage of lymphatic fluid, which is rich in long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) absorbed via the lymphatic system. To reduce lymphatic flow and promote healing of the leak, a diet supplemented with medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) is often prescribed. MCFAs are absorbed directly into the portal venous system, bypassing the lymphatic system, thereby decreasing the volume and LCT content of chyle.

Question 4

A biological mechanism for each of the following bacteria's antibiotic resistance is correctly matched, WITH THE EXCEPTION OF:

Accepted Answer

Gentamycin Resistant Enterococcus: mutation in Penicillin Binding Protein (PBP) on the cell membrane

Answer

Gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus is typically mediated by aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes that inactivate the antibiotic, not by mutations in Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs). PBP mutations are primarily associated with resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics, such as methicillin resistance in Staph aureus or vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus (though VRE often involves altered peptidoglycan precursors, not directly PBP mutation for vancomycin itself).

Question 5

A woman visits the emergency room six days after starting warfarin therapy with severe, black eschars on her arm, breast, buttocks, and foot. Your presumed illness is probably caused by a lack in one of the following:

Accepted Answer

Protein C

Answer

The patient's severe, black eschars developing shortly after starting warfarin therapy are characteristic of warfarin-induced skin necrosis. This rare but serious complication is caused by a transient hypercoagulable state resulting from the rapid depletion of Protein C, a natural anticoagulant, before the depletion of procoagulant factors. This imbalance leads to microthrombosis and subsequent skin necrosis.

MBBS - Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery Practice Test

MBBS - Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery Practice Test

FREE Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery Trivia Questions and Answers