FREE AP Biology MCQ Question and Answers

Which of the following best describes the route a secretory protein will likely take during its synthesis in an animal cell?

Ribosome–Golgi apparatus–rough ER–secretory vesicle–plasma membrane

Ribosome–rough ER–Golgi apparatus–secretory vesicle–plasma membrane

Plasma membrane–Golgi apparatus–ribosome–secretory vesicle–rough ER

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
Protein synthesis takes place on ribosomes. Therefore, the word ribosome should come first in the response.

Which of the following statements is the LEAST plausible explanation for the seeming low frequency of mutations, despite the fact that mutations happen at a regular and predictable rate?

Some undesirable phenotypic traits may be prevented from reproducing.

Some mutations cause such drastic phenotypic changes that they are removed from the gene pool.

The predictable rate of mutation results in ongoing variability in a gene pool.

Some mutations produce alleles that are recessive and may not be expressed.

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
The idea that mutations cause variety in a gene pool is the least likely explanation for why mutations are uncommon. Every gene will eventually change. In a gene pool, this results in a continuous inflow of new genetic information. There is no extra information on the rate of mutations provided by this answer option. Some mutations are modest and only marginally reduce the rate of reproduction.

Which of the following best explains why legumes can thrive in nitrogen-deficient soils?

These plants have a mutualistic relationship with nitrogen-fixing bacteria

These plants do not require nitrogen to make plant proteins

These plants make their own proteins

These plants are capable of directly converting nitrogen gas into nitrates

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
Legume plants get their nitrogen from nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which allows them to thrive in low-nitrogen soil. Without nitrogen from bacteria that fix nitrogen, these plants are unable to produce their own proteins.

The small intestine contains villi and microvilli, which aid in reabsorption by

making the small intestine more hydrophobic

increasing the surface area of the small intestine

decreasing the surface area of the small intestine

making the small intestine more hydrophilic

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
The small intestine contains fingerlike extensions called villi and microvilli that significantly improve the surface area accessible for nutrition absorption.

Which of the following adaptations is least likely to be present in a creature that inhabits a hot, arid environment?

Large ears to aid in heat dispersion

Long loops of Henle to maximize water reabsorption

Short loops of Henle to maximize water secretion

Storage of water in fatty tissues

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
Water loss is a fundamental problem for species living in hot, arid conditions. Large ears aid in heat dispersion, long Henle loops preserve water resources, and water is stored in fatty tissues. A living thing in a dry environment would not benefit from secretion, which is the kidneys' removal of water.

In the small intestine, which of the following DOES NOT occur?

Pepsin breaks down proteins to amino acids

Bile emulsifies fats into smaller fat particles

Pancreatic lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Pancreatic amylase breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars.

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
Pepsin converts proteins to peptides in the stomach rather than the small intestine. In the small intestine, complete digestion takes place. Fats are broken down by pancreatic lipase into three fatty acids and glycerol.

The following statements about alleles are all true, EXCEPT for

alleles are found on corresponding loci of homologous chromosomes

an individual with two identical alleles is said to be heterozygous with respect to that gene

alleles are alternative forms of the same gene

a gene can have more than two alleles

Correct! Wrong!

Explanation:
This claim is untrue because a person with two identical alleles is said to be homozygous for that gene, not heterozygous. Different versions of the same gene called alleles can be present at certain locations on homologous chromosomes.

FREE AP Biology MCQ Question and Answers

Which of the following best describes the route a secretory protein will likely take during its synthesis in an animal cell?

Which of the following statements is the LEAST plausible explanation for the seeming low frequency of mutations, despite the fact that mutations happen at a regular and predictable rate?

Which of the following best explains why legumes can thrive in nitrogen-deficient soils?

The small intestine contains villi and microvilli, which aid in reabsorption by

Which of the following adaptations is least likely to be present in a creature that inhabits a hot, arid environment?

In the small intestine, which of the following DOES NOT occur?

The following statements about alleles are all true, EXCEPT for

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