FE Congenital Heart Disease Recognition 2

Question 1

Which echocardiographic finding is most characteristic of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)?

Accepted Answer

Severely diminutive left ventricle with aortic and mitral atresia or stenosis

Answer

HLHS is characterized by a severely underdeveloped left ventricle associated with aortic and/or mitral atresia or severe stenosis.

Question 2

In fetal echocardiography, which view best demonstrates the relationship between the great arteries in transposition of the great arteries (TGA)?

Accepted Answer

Long-axis view of the outflow tracts showing parallel great vessels

Answer

In TGA, the long-axis outflow tract view demonstrates the aorta and pulmonary artery running parallel rather than crossing each other normally.

Question 3

A fetus is found to have a single large vessel overriding the ventricular septum with no separate pulmonary artery identified. This is most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

Truncus arteriosus

Answer

Truncus arteriosus features a single arterial trunk overriding the ventricular septum that gives rise to both systemic and pulmonary circulations.

Question 4

Which cardiac defect is most commonly associated with Turner syndrome (45,X) on fetal echocardiography?

Accepted Answer

Coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve

Answer

Turner syndrome is strongly associated with left-sided obstructive lesions, particularly coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve.

Question 5

On fetal echocardiography, the 'levocardia with situs inversus' configuration most commonly occurs with:

Accepted Answer

Complex congenital heart disease in up to 95% of cases

Answer

Isolated levocardia with situs inversus is strongly associated with complex congenital heart disease in the majority of affected fetuses.

(FE) Fetal Echocardiography Certification Practice Test

(FE) Fetal Echocardiography Certification Practice Test

FE Congenital Heart Disease Recognition 2