FE Cardiomyopathies & Tumors Flashcards

Which cardiomyopathy pattern is most commonly associated with poorly controlled maternal diabetes?

Answer: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with septal hypertrophy

Diabetic fetopathy causes fetal hyperinsulinism, leading to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with prominent interventricular septal hypertrophy.

Fetal dilated cardiomyopathy is characterized by:

Answer: Ventricular dilation with reduced systolic function

Dilated cardiomyopathy features ventricular dilation, reduced fractional shortening, and impaired systolic function, often progressing to hydrops.

Which infectious etiology is most commonly associated with fetal myocarditis leading to cardiomyopathy?

Answer: Coxsackievirus B

Coxsackievirus B is the most common viral cause of fetal myocarditis, which can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy and hydrops.

Parvovirus B19 infection in the fetus primarily causes cardiac compromise through:

Answer: Severe fetal anemia causing high-output cardiac failure

Parvovirus B19 infects fetal erythroid progenitors, causing aplastic anemia and secondary high-output cardiac failure and hydrops.

The most common primary cardiac tumor in the fetus is:

Answer: Rhabdomyoma

Rhabdomyomas are the most common primary fetal cardiac tumors, often multiple, and strongly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas are associated with which genetic condition in up to 80% of cases?

Answer: Tuberous sclerosis complex

Up to 80% of fetuses with cardiac rhabdomyomas have or will develop tuberous sclerosis complex, a multisystem disorder caused by TSC1 or TSC2 mutations.