FE Cardiomyopathies & Tumors Flashcards

On echocardiography, rhabdomyomas typically appear as:

Answer: Hyperechoic masses within the myocardium or protruding into the cardiac cavity

Rhabdomyomas appear as well-defined, hyperechoic (bright) myocardial masses that may protrude into ventricular cavities.

A cardiac fibroma in the fetus is most commonly located in which structure?

Answer: Interventricular septum or left ventricular free wall

Fibromas are typically solitary tumors located in the interventricular septum or left ventricular wall and may cause outflow obstruction or arrhythmias.

Which fetal cardiac tumor is associated with Turner syndrome and pericardial effusion?

Answer: Intrapericardial teratoma

Intrapericardial teratomas arise from the base of the great arteries and are commonly associated with large pericardial effusions and hydrops.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the fetus of a diabetic mother most commonly affects which structure?

Answer: Interventricular septum (asymmetric septal hypertrophy)

Diabetic fetopathy characteristically causes asymmetric interventricular septal hypertrophy, which may cause dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Which echocardiographic finding in a fetus with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy indicates dynamic outflow obstruction?

Answer: Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve

Systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve indicates dynamic LVOT obstruction, seen in severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Noncompaction cardiomyopathy in the fetus is characterized by:

Answer: Excessive trabeculation with deep inter-trabecular recesses predominantly in the left ventricle

Left ventricular noncompaction shows excessive trabeculations with deep recesses in the non-compacted layer, predominantly in the left ventricular apex.