FE FE Hemodynamics & Blood Flow 2

Question 1

Which Doppler waveform index is most commonly used to assess umbilical artery resistance?

Accepted Answer

Pulsatility index (PI)

Answer

The pulsatility index (PI) is the most widely used index for assessing umbilical artery flow resistance and placental vascular impedance.

Question 2

Absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery indicates:

Accepted Answer

Severe placental insufficiency

Answer

Absent or reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery signals severely elevated placental resistance and is associated with poor fetal outcome.

Question 3

Which vessel's Doppler waveform shows a characteristic 'a-wave' reflecting atrial contraction?

Accepted Answer

Ductus venosus

Answer

The ductus venosus waveform has three components: S-wave (ventricular systole), D-wave (diastole), and the a-wave (atrial contraction).

Question 4

A reversed a-wave in the ductus venosus Doppler suggests:

Accepted Answer

Elevated right atrial pressure or cardiac compromise

Answer

A reversed a-wave in the ductus venosus indicates elevated right atrial pressure, often a sign of severe cardiac compromise or heart failure.

Question 5

The 'brain-sparing' effect in a growth-restricted fetus is identified by:

Accepted Answer

Decreased middle cerebral artery PI

Answer

Brain-sparing is characterized by decreased middle cerebral artery PI, reflecting vasodilation of the cerebral vessels to maintain perfusion.

(FE) Fetal Echocardiography Certification Practice Test

(FE) Fetal Echocardiography Certification Practice Test

FE FE Hemodynamics & Blood Flow 2