FAST Hypothesis Testing 2

Question 1

A researcher sets α = 0.01 instead of 0.05. What is the effect on the probability of a Type I error?

Accepted Answer

It decreases

Answer

The significance level α directly equals the probability of a Type I error, so lowering α from 0.05 to 0.01 reduces Type I error risk.

Question 2

A study finds p = 0.03 with α = 0.05. Which conclusion is correct?

Accepted Answer

Reject H₀

Answer

Since p (0.03) < α (0.05), there is sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a one-tailed test?

Accepted Answer

Tests for a difference in only one specified direction

Answer

A one-tailed test places the entire rejection region on one side, testing for an effect in one specified direction only.

Question 4

What does it mean when a result is statistically significant?

Accepted Answer

The probability of obtaining the result by chance alone is below α

Answer

Statistical significance means the observed result is unlikely (probability < α) under the assumption that H₀ is true.

Question 5

A test statistic falls in the critical region. What happens?

Accepted Answer

H₀ is rejected

Answer

When the test statistic falls in the critical region, the result is significant and H₀ is rejected.

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