Family Practice Exam Pediatric Care 3

Question 1

A 9-month-old has a fever of 39.5°C, bulging fontanelle, and irritability. Which organism is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis at this age?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in infants older than 3 months and young children.

Question 2

Which blood pressure threshold defines hypertension in a 10-year-old child?

Accepted Answer

≥95th percentile for age, sex, and height on three separate visits

Answer

Pediatric hypertension is defined as blood pressure at or above the 95th percentile for age, sex, and height measured on three separate occasions.

Question 3

A 3-year-old boy is brought in for concern about speech delay. He has 10 words but no two-word phrases, limited eye contact, and repetitive hand-flapping. What is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Refer for formal developmental and autism evaluation

Answer

Red flags for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) — including limited eye contact, no two-word phrases by 24 months, and repetitive behaviors — warrant immediate formal developmental evaluation.

Question 4

A neonate at 36 hours of life develops jaundice. Total bilirubin is 14 mg/dL in a term infant. What is the most appropriate next step?

Accepted Answer

Initiate phototherapy based on Bhutani nomogram

Answer

Neonatal jaundice management is guided by the Bhutani hour-specific bilirubin nomogram to determine phototherapy thresholds for term and near-term infants.

Question 5

A 6-year-old girl presents with recurrent urinary tract infections. What is the most important evaluation to consider?

Accepted Answer

Renal ultrasound and voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Answer

Recurrent UTIs in young children warrant evaluation for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) with renal ultrasound and VCUG to prevent renal scarring.

Family Practice Exam Practice Test

Family Practice Exam Practice Test

Family Practice Exam Pediatric Care 3