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ExCPT Dosage Forms and Routes of Administration Flashcards

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  1. Extended-release (ER) tablets should NEVER be crushed or chewed because:

    Answer: Crushing destroys the release mechanism and can cause dose dumping

    Crushing an ER tablet destroys its controlled-release matrix, releasing the entire dose at once (dose dumping), which can cause toxicity or adverse effects.

  2. A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) delivers medication via which route?

    Answer: Inhalation (pulmonary)

    An MDI aerosolizes medication so it can be inhaled into the lungs, making inhalation (pulmonary) the route of administration.

  3. Ophthalmic solutions are formulated to be isotonic primarily to:

    Answer: Prevent irritation and discomfort to the eye

    Ophthalmic solutions must be isotonic (matching the osmolarity of tear fluid) to prevent cell damage and discomfort in the sensitive eye tissue.

  4. The Z-track technique is used during which type of injection?

    Answer: Intramuscular

    The Z-track method is used for intramuscular injections to prevent medication from leaking back into subcutaneous tissue or staining the skin.

  5. Which route of administration is used for tuberculin skin tests (TST)?

    Answer: Intradermal

    Tuberculin skin tests are given intradermally (into the dermis layer of skin) to create a wheal that is read 48-72 hours later for immune response.

  6. Suspensions must always be shaken before use because:

    Answer: Drug particles settle to the bottom between doses

    In a suspension, solid drug particles are dispersed in liquid but settle over time due to gravity, so shaking redistributes the particles for an accurate dose.

  7. Which of the following is an example of a drug that bypasses first-pass hepatic metabolism?

    Answer: A sublingual nitroglycerin tablet

    Sublingual nitroglycerin is absorbed directly into systemic circulation through the oral mucosa, bypassing the liver and first-pass metabolism entirely.