ENT Core Concepts and Principles 3

Question 1

A type B (flat) tympanogram with a normal ear canal volume most strongly suggests which condition?

Accepted Answer

Middle ear effusion

Answer

A flat trace with normal volume points to fluid behind an intact tympanic membrane.

Question 2

A dip in bone conduction thresholds centered around 2000 Hz (Carhart notch) is characteristic of which condition?

Accepted Answer

Otosclerosis

Answer

The Carhart notch is a mechanical artifact of stapes fixation seen in otosclerosis.

Question 3

Which nerve innervates the stapedius muscle?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve

Answer

The nerve to stapedius branches off the mastoid segment of the facial nerve.

Question 4

Where does the nasolacrimal duct open?

Accepted Answer

Inferior meatus

Answer

The nasolacrimal duct opens into the inferior meatus beneath the inferior turbinate, guarded by Hasner's valve.

Question 5

The sphenopalatine artery, a common source of posterior epistaxis, is a terminal branch of which vessel?

Accepted Answer

Maxillary artery

Answer

The sphenopalatine artery is a terminal branch of the internal maxillary artery, which comes off the external carotid.

ENT - Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialist Certification Practice Test