ENPC Cardiovascular Emergencies Flashcards

What is the correct IV/IO epinephrine dose for pediatric cardiac arrest?

Answer: 0.01 mg/kg using 1:10,000 (0.1 mg/mL) solution

The standard IV/IO epinephrine dose in pediatric cardiac arrest is 0.01 mg/kg using the 1:10,000 concentration.

A child presents with muffled heart sounds, hypotension, and JVD following blunt chest trauma. Which condition is suspected?

Answer: Cardiac tamponade

Beck's triad (muffled heart sounds, hypotension, JVD) following chest trauma is the classic presentation of cardiac tamponade.

A 6-year-old with Tetralogy of Fallot develops sudden cyanosis and hyperpnea. Which intervention is FIRST?

Answer: Place the child in knee-chest position and give supplemental oxygen

Knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance to reduce right-to-left shunting, and supplemental oxygen helps manage hypercyanotic spells.

Which ECG finding in a pediatric patient requires IMMEDIATE intervention?

Answer: Complete heart block with ventricular rate of 30 bpm

Complete heart block with a ventricular rate of 30 bpm causes severe hemodynamic compromise and requires urgent pacing or pharmacological support.

In pediatric septic shock, what is the recommended initial fluid resuscitation volume per bolus?

Answer: 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid, reassessing after each bolus

Current PALS guidelines recommend 20 mL/kg isotonic fluid boluses with clinical reassessment after each bolus to avoid fluid overload.

A 4-year-old presents with fever, pleuritic chest pain, and diffuse ST elevation across multiple ECG leads. What condition is suspected?

Answer: Pericarditis

Diffuse ST elevation (across multiple leads) with fever and pleuritic chest pain is characteristic of pericarditis, often of viral etiology.