English Language and Composition Exam AP English Language and Composition Argumentation 3

Question 1

Which organizational structure presents the strongest arguments first and weaker ones last?

Accepted Answer

Anti-climactic order

Answer

Anti-climactic order leads with the most compelling argument, which can engage readers quickly but may end on a weaker note.

Question 2

In Toulmin's model of argument, what term describes the qualifiers that limit a claim?

Accepted Answer

Modal qualifier

Answer

Modal qualifiers (words like 'usually,' 'probably,' 'in most cases') limit the claim's scope and make it more defensible.

Question 3

A writer appeals to the audience's shared value of fairness to support a policy argument. This is best described as:

Accepted Answer

An ethical appeal grounded in shared values

Answer

Appealing to shared values like fairness is an ethos-based strategy that establishes common ground with the audience.

Question 4

Which sentence most effectively uses a concession to strengthen an argument?

Accepted Answer

While remote work can increase isolation, studies show it boosts output for most knowledge workers.

Answer

Acknowledging a genuine drawback (isolation) before presenting evidence builds credibility and anticipates objections.

Question 5

What is the function of 'backing' in Toulmin's argument model?

Accepted Answer

It provides support for the warrant itself when the warrant is not widely accepted

Answer

Backing gives additional justification for the warrant when the audience may not accept the underlying assumption without proof.

English Language and Composition Exam Practice Test