EMR - Emergency Medical Responder Care Fundamentals 1

Question 1

An EMR arrives at a scene where a conscious adult patient is showing signs of hypovolemic shock after a significant blood loss.
Skin is pale, cool, and clammy.
Which position is MOST appropriate while awaiting ALS?

Accepted Answer

Supine with legs elevated approximately 8–12 inches

Answer

Seated upright at 90 degrees to ease breathing

Answer

Left lateral recumbent position

Answer

Prone position to prevent aspiration

Question 2

An unresponsive adult patient is breathing adequately and has no suspected spinal injury. Which position should the EMR place this patient in to best protect the airway?

Accepted Answer

Recovery (lateral recumbent) position

Answer

Supine with head elevated 30 degrees

Answer

Fowler's position (sitting upright)

Answer

Prone position with arms extended

Question 3

An EMR is treating a patient with a large open sucking chest wound. After sealing three sides of the wound with an occlusive dressing, the patient's respiratory distress suddenly worsens. What is the MOST likely cause and next step?

Accepted Answer

A tension pneumothorax is developing; burp or temporarily lift one edge of the dressing

Answer

The dressing sealed too tightly; remove it entirely and apply a new one

Answer

The patient needs higher-flow oxygen; increase FiO2 immediately

Answer

Seal the fourth side of the dressing to create a complete airtight seal

Question 4

Before approaching a patient at a motor vehicle collision scene, what is the FIRST priority for the EMR?

Accepted Answer

Don appropriate personal protective equipment and ensure scene safety

Answer

Establish patient contact and begin the primary assessment

Answer

Retrieve the AED from the response vehicle

Answer

Stabilize the patient's cervical spine manually

Question 5

A patient has a partial-thickness burn covering the entire anterior surface of one arm. Using the Rule of Nines for adults, what percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) does this represent?

Accepted Answer

4.5%

Answer

9%

Answer

18%

Answer

1%

Question 6

When an EMR splints a suspected long-bone fracture of the forearm, which assessment step must be performed BOTH before and after applying the splint?

Accepted Answer

Check distal pulse, motor function, and sensation (PMS)

Answer

Obtain a full set of vital signs including blood pressure

Answer

Irrigate the wound site with sterile saline

Answer

Apply direct pressure to all surrounding soft tissue