EDAIC Basic Sciences 2

Question 1

Which receptor mediates the bronchodilatory effect of beta-2 agonists in airway smooth muscle?

Accepted Answer

Gs-coupled receptor increasing cAMP

Answer

Beta-2 receptors couple to Gs protein, activating adenylyl cyclase to increase cAMP, which activates PKA and causes smooth muscle relaxation.

Question 2

The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve shifts LEFT in response to which condition?

Accepted Answer

Alkalosis

Answer

Alkalosis increases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen (Bohr effect), shifting the curve left and decreasing oxygen delivery to tissues.

Question 3

Which phase of the action potential in cardiac ventricular myocytes is primarily carried by the rapid sodium current (INa)?

Accepted Answer

Phase 0 (rapid depolarization)

Answer

Phase 0 represents rapid depolarization driven by fast voltage-gated Na+ channel opening, producing the upstroke of the cardiac action potential.

Question 4

Fick's law of diffusion states that gas transfer across a membrane is directly proportional to which factor?

Accepted Answer

Surface area and partial pressure gradient

Answer

Fick's law: diffusion rate = (D × A × ΔP) / T, where D is diffusion constant, A is area, ΔP is pressure gradient, and T is thickness.

Question 5

What is the primary mechanism by which volatile anesthetics cause hypotension?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral vasodilation and myocardial depression

Answer

Volatile anesthetics cause dose-dependent hypotension primarily through direct myocardial depression and peripheral vasodilation via calcium channel interference.

EDAIC - European Diploma in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Practice Test

EDAIC - European Diploma in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Practice Test

EDAIC Basic Sciences 2