DOH Nursing Critical Care and Emergency Nursing 2

Question 1

A high peak airway pressure alarm sounds on a mechanically ventilated patient. What should the nurse do FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Check the ventilator circuit for kinks or obstruction

Answer

Increase the FiO2 setting

Answer

Administer a bronchodilator via the ventilator circuit

Answer

Call the physician immediately

Question 2

Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias in ICU patients?

Accepted Answer

Hypokalamia

Answer

Hypernatraemia

Answer

Hypomagnesaemia

Answer

Hypercalcaemia

Question 3

According to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines, what is the recommended initial IV fluid bolus for septic shock?

Accepted Answer

30 mL/kg of crystalloid within 3 hours

Answer

10 mL/kg of 5% dextrose

Answer

20 mL/kg of colloid (albumin 5%)

Answer

1 litre of 0.45% normal saline over 4 hours

Question 4

A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less indicates which level of neurological impairment?

Accepted Answer

Severe brain injury — airway protection is a priority

Answer

Mild brain injury — close monitoring required

Answer

Moderate brain injury — consider CT scan

Answer

Minimal impairment — routine observations

Question 5

What is the recommended chest compression-to-ventilation ratio for single-rescuer adult CPR per AHA/ERC guidelines?

Accepted Answer

30:2

Answer

15:2

Answer

5:1

Answer

50:2

Question 6

A patient develops sudden stridor immediately after endotracheal tube extubation. What is the nurse's priority action?

Accepted Answer

Apply high-flow oxygen and notify the physician immediately

Answer

Encourage the patient to cough and take deep breaths

Answer

Administer an oral antihistamine for suspected allergy

Answer

Reposition the patient to a prone position

Question 7

Which laboratory parameter BEST reflects adequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level in a critically ill patient?

Accepted Answer

Serum lactate < 2 mmol/L

Answer

SpO2 > 95%

Answer

Normal PaO2 on arterial blood gas

Answer

Normal systolic blood pressure