DO Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Question 1

The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends colorectal cancer screening beginning at what age for average-risk adults?

Accepted Answer

45 years

Answer

In 2021, the USPSTF updated its recommendation to begin colorectal cancer screening at age 45 for average-risk adults, lowered from the previous age of 50.

Question 2

Which vaccine is recommended annually for all persons aged 6 months and older in the US?

Accepted Answer

Influenza vaccine

Answer

The CDC recommends annual influenza vaccination for everyone 6 months and older because influenza strains change each year and immunity wanes.

Question 3

Primary prevention refers to which level of public health intervention?

Accepted Answer

Preventing disease before it occurs (e.g., vaccination, health education)

Answer

Primary prevention targets healthy populations to prevent the development of disease through measures such as immunizations, smoking cessation counseling, and safety promotion.

Question 4

Sensitivity of a screening test measures its ability to correctly identify:

Accepted Answer

True positives (patients who have the disease)

Answer

Sensitivity = TP / (TP + FN); a highly sensitive test rarely misses true cases and is ideal for ruling OUT disease when the result is negative.

Question 5

Which modifiable risk factor is the leading preventable cause of death in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco use

Answer

Tobacco use remains the leading preventable cause of death in the US, responsible for approximately 480,000 deaths annually from cancer, heart disease, and lung disease.

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DO Preventive Medicine and Public Health