Diabetes Complications & Comorbidities

Question 1

Which of the following is classified as a microvascular complication of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Diabetic retinopathy

Answer

Coronary artery disease

Answer

Peripheral artery disease

Answer

Stroke

Question 2

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of which serious outcome in U.S. adults aged 20-74?

Accepted Answer

New cases of blindness

Answer

Glaucoma

Answer

Age-related macular degeneration

Answer

Cataracts

Question 3

Which finding on a urine test is the earliest indicator of diabetic nephropathy?

Accepted Answer

Microalbuminuria

Answer

Macroalbuminuria

Answer

Hematuria

Answer

Pyuria

Question 4

Which form of diabetic neuropathy is most common, typically presenting as 'stocking-glove' tingling and numbness?

Accepted Answer

Distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy

Answer

Autonomic neuropathy

Answer

Focal neuropathy

Answer

Proximal neuropathy

Question 5

A patient with diabetes presents with gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension, and erectile dysfunction. Which type of neuropathy best explains these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Autonomic neuropathy

Answer

Peripheral neuropathy

Answer

Focal neuropathy

Answer

Proximal neuropathy

Question 6

At which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) should most patients with diabetic nephropathy be referred to a nephrologist?

Accepted Answer

Stage 4 (eGFR 15-29 mL/min)

Answer

Stage 1 (eGFR ≥90 mL/min)

Answer

Stage 2 (eGFR 60-89 mL/min)

Answer

Stage 3 (eGFR 30-59 mL/min)

Question 7

According to ADA guidelines, how often should patients with diabetes and no evidence of retinopathy receive a comprehensive dilated eye exam?

Accepted Answer

Every 1-2 years

Answer

Every 6 months

Answer

Annually

Answer

Every 3 years