Complications & Comorbidities Flashcards
7 cards from real Diabetes practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Complications & Comorbidities flashcards as text
Which of the following is classified as a microvascular complication of diabetes?
Answer: Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication caused by damage to the small blood vessels in the retina due to chronic hyperglycemia.
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of which serious outcome in U.S. adults aged 20-74?
Answer: New cases of blindness
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of new cases of blindness among working-age adults in the United States.
Which finding on a urine test is the earliest indicator of diabetic nephropathy?
Answer: Microalbuminuria
Microalbuminuria (30-300 mg/g of albumin in urine) is the earliest detectable sign of diabetic kidney disease before overt nephropathy develops.
Which form of diabetic neuropathy is most common, typically presenting as 'stocking-glove' tingling and numbness?
Answer: Distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy
Distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy is the most prevalent form, causing sensory loss and pain in a stocking-glove distribution starting in the feet and hands.
A patient with diabetes presents with gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension, and erectile dysfunction. Which type of neuropathy best explains these symptoms?
Answer: Autonomic neuropathy
Autonomic neuropathy affects the involuntary nervous system, causing diverse symptoms including gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension, bladder dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction.
At which stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) should most patients with diabetic nephropathy be referred to a nephrologist?
Answer: Stage 4 (eGFR 15-29 mL/min)
Referral to a nephrologist is generally recommended at CKD Stage 4 (eGFR 15-29 mL/min/1.73m²) to begin planning for renal replacement therapy.
According to ADA guidelines, how often should patients with diabetes and no evidence of retinopathy receive a comprehensive dilated eye exam?
Answer: Every 1-2 years
The ADA recommends comprehensive dilated eye exams every 1-2 years for patients with well-controlled diabetes and no evidence of retinopathy.