DHA Nursing Maternal and Child Health Nursing 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A patient at 36 weeks gestation presents with sudden onset severe abdominal pain, a rigid board-like uterus, and dark vaginal bleeding. Which condition is most likely?
- Placenta previa
- Abruptio placentae (Correct answer)
- Uterine rupture
- Premature rupture of membranes
Correct answer: Abruptio placentae
Abruptio placentae (placental abruption) classically presents with painful dark vaginal bleeding and uterine rigidity due to concealed or revealed retroplacental hemorrhage.
Question 2: A primigravida at 38 weeks presents with BP 162/112 mmHg, 3+ proteinuria, and severe headache. What is the priority pharmacological intervention?
- Oral labetalol
- IV magnesium sulfate (Correct answer)
- Oral nifedipine
- IV hydralazine
Correct answer: IV magnesium sulfate
IV magnesium sulfate is the drug of choice for seizure prophylaxis in severe preeclampsia/eclampsia, reducing the risk of eclamptic convulsions.
Question 3: According to WHO classification, what birth weight defines a newborn as having low birth weight (LBW)?
- Less than 3.5 kg
- Less than 3.0 kg
- Less than 2.5 kg (Correct answer)
- Less than 2.0 kg
Correct answer: Less than 2.5 kg
The WHO defines low birth weight as a birth weight of less than 2,500 grams (2.5 kg), regardless of gestational age.
Question 4: A postpartum nurse assesses lochia on day 2 and notes large clots with a foul-smelling odor. What is the priority action?
- Document findings as normal lochia rubra
- Encourage the mother to ambulate more frequently
- Notify the physician immediately (Correct answer)
- Apply a warm compress to the abdomen
Correct answer: Notify the physician immediately
Large clots with a foul odor in lochia are abnormal and may indicate postpartum hemorrhage or uterine infection, requiring immediate medical evaluation.
Question 5: According to the UAE Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), which vaccines are administered to all newborns within 24 hours of birth?
- BCG and Hepatitis B (Correct answer)
- Polio (OPV) and DTP
- MMR and Varicella
- Hepatitis A and Rotavirus
Correct answer: BCG and Hepatitis B
In the UAE and WHO-recommended schedules, BCG (tuberculosis) and Hepatitis B vaccines are both administered within 24 hours of birth.
Question 6: A 2-year-old presents with a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and low-grade fever. Which condition is most likely?
- Epiglottitis
- Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) (Correct answer)
- Acute asthma
- Bronchiolitis
Correct answer: Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) is characterized by a distinctive barking or seal-like cough, inspiratory stridor, and mild fever, typically caused by parainfluenza virus.
Question 7: What is the normal resting heart rate range for a healthy term newborn?
- 60–100 bpm
- 80–120 bpm
- 100–160 bpm (Correct answer)
- 140–200 bpm
Correct answer: 100–160 bpm
A normal resting heart rate for a term newborn is 100–160 bpm; rates below 100 bpm (bradycardia) or above 160 bpm at rest may require evaluation.
DHA Nursing Maternal and Child Health Nursing 2
A patient at 36 weeks gestation presents with sudden onset severe abdominal pain, a rigid board-like uterus, and dark vaginal bleeding.
Which condition is most likely?