DHA Nursing Maternal and Child Health Nursing 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation presents with painless bright red vaginal bleeding. Which condition should be suspected first?
- Abruptio placentae
- Placenta previa (Correct answer)
- Threatened miscarriage
- Ectopic pregnancy
Correct answer: Placenta previa
Placenta previa classically presents with painless bright red vaginal bleeding in the second or third trimester due to the low-lying placenta separating from the uterine wall.
Question 2: Which APGAR score component specifically assesses a newborn's muscle tone?
- Grimace
- Activity (Correct answer)
- Pulse
- Respiration
Correct answer: Activity
In the APGAR scoring system, 'Activity' (A) refers to muscle tone, scored from 0 (limp) to 2 (active flexion of limbs).
Question 3: A nurse assesses a breastfed newborn on day 5 of life. Which finding best indicates adequate milk intake?
- 6–8 wet diapers per day (Correct answer)
- 2–3 wet diapers per day
- Infant sleeps for 6-hour stretches
- Infant feeds only when visibly distressed
Correct answer: 6–8 wet diapers per day
By day 4–5, a well-hydrated, adequately fed newborn should produce 6–8 wet diapers per day, indicating sufficient fluid and caloric intake.
Question 4: Which stage of labor begins with complete cervical dilation and ends with delivery of the baby?
- First stage
- Second stage (Correct answer)
- Third stage
- Fourth stage
Correct answer: Second stage
The second stage of labor spans from full (10 cm) cervical dilation to the birth of the baby, during which the mother actively pushes.
Question 5: Which medication is routinely administered to newborns immediately after birth to prevent hemorrhagic disease of the newborn?
- Vitamin D injection
- Hepatitis B vaccine
- Vitamin K injection (Correct answer)
- Erythromycin eye ointment
Correct answer: Vitamin K injection
Vitamin K is administered intramuscularly at birth because newborns have low stores and lack gut bacteria to synthesize it, preventing potentially fatal bleeding.
Question 6: A nurse observes variable decelerations on continuous fetal heart rate monitoring. What is the priority nursing action?
- Administer oxygen via face mask
- Reposition the mother (Correct answer)
- Increase IV fluid rate
- Notify the physician immediately
Correct answer: Reposition the mother
Variable decelerations are caused by umbilical cord compression; repositioning the mother (e.g., left lateral or knee-chest position) is the first action to relieve compression.
Question 7: A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a mother of a 2-year-old who refuses to eat vegetables. What is the most appropriate recommendation?
- Force the child to eat vegetables at every meal
- Offer vegetables repeatedly in a positive, pressure-free environment (Correct answer)
- Replace vegetables with vitamin supplements indefinitely
- Refer immediately to a dietitian for nutritional deficiency testing
Correct answer: Offer vegetables repeatedly in a positive, pressure-free environment
Repeated, low-pressure exposure to new foods helps toddlers gradually accept them; forcing food creates negative associations and power struggles.
DHA Nursing Maternal and Child Health Nursing 1
A pregnant woman at 28 weeks gestation presents with painless bright red vaginal bleeding.
Which condition should be suspected first?